NF-κB-related signaling pathway which mediates the upregulation of pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, and NLRP3 genes plays the first step of NLRP3 activation, and NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 could not assemble without NF-κB. In order to investigate whether the NF-κB-related signaling pathway plays an important role in POF, we detected the principal NF-κB-related signaling in the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is premature menopause.