IL17A and osteoporosis: Despite one study showing that the level of serum IL-17A in postmenopausal women with low BMD is not significantly different from that in women with normal BMD (76), other studies have indicated that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis have a higher concentration of serum IL-17A, and have more peripheral blood IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cells (58, 77–80).