Interacting with CD154 on T-lymphocytes (52), CD40 itself triggers B-lymphocyte activation, proliferation, cytokine secretion, and antibody production (52), acts as a co-stimulatory molecule for the B cell receptor (BCR) (53, 54), and amplifies innate signals driven by toll like receptors (TLRs) (55), including TLR7 (56, 57), implicated in SLE pathogenesis (58–60). Here, TLR7 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.