Mice given IFN-β in the protective time window also displayed reduced viral burden and Cxcl10 and Ccl2 gene expression in lung along with less infiltration of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils by day 4 post-infection, whereas these parameters were all increased in lungs of mice receiving IFN-β outside the protective time window. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is infection.