CCL2 and severe acute respiratory syndrome: Lung autopsies of SARS patients and in vitro SARS-CoV infections of macrophages and alveolar and bronchial cells have clearly demonstrated upregulation of numerous monocyte/macrophage, neutrophil and T cell-specific chemokines, including CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL10 (Yen et al., 2006; Yoshikawa et al., 2010).