Recently, Griva et al. [119] reported that the combination of neuroprotective treatments of G-CSF and enriched environment (EE) may enhance neuroprotection and it might be a more effective strategy for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by altering synaptic plasticity reflected by increased synaptophysin expression levels thus further enhancing cognitive function. Here, CSF3 is linked to brain injury.