The tumor-derived Wnt5a ligand significantly increases the expression and activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) in DCs via the β-catenin pathway, leading to promotion of Treg differentiation.66 Hong et al.67 reported that DC-specific deletion of β-catenin in mice markedly enhanced antitumor immune response and delayed tumor growth. The gene discussed is IDO1; the disease is neoplasm.