GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Recognized molecular targets for type 2 diabetes treatment include elevating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells; increasing glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells; boosting liver glucose production; management of brain insulin resistance; increasing lipolysis; enhancing renal glucose reabsorption; lowering incretin effect in the small intestine; and mitigating the impaired or diminished glucose uptake in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver [42].