INS and cancer: For KEGG pathway enrichment analysis (Supplementary Table S3), 5 significant pathways were detected, including bacterial invasion of epithelial cells (hsa05100, adjust P-value = 1.30 × 10–2), insulin resistance (hsa04931, adjust P-value = 1.30 × 10–2), proteoglycans in cancer (hsa05205, adjust P-value = 1.73 × 10–2), focal adhesion (hsa04510, adjust P-value = 4.80 × 10–2) and regulation of actin cytoskeleton (hsa04810, adjust P-value = 4.87 × 10–2).