Furthermore, DBL2- and DBL3-specific Ab-mediated expression of activation markers by NK cells and IgG N-linked glycosylation patterns of malaria-exposed pregnant women did not correlate (Fig. S6), except for DBL2-mediated IFNγ production and total fucose (ρ = − 0.4255, p-value = 0.0108) along with a trend for DBL2-mediated CD107a expression and total fucose (ρ = − 0.3744, p-value = 0.0543), and DBL2-mediated TNFα production and total galactose (ρ = 0.3625, p-value = 0.0323). Here, TNF is linked to malaria.