Fasting glucose concentration during OGTT in GDM patients was significantly higher compared to the group of non-diabetic women (GDMG1 92.8 mg/dl [92–95.5]; GDMG2 99.5 mg/dl [98.2–100] vs. control 83 mg/dl [79–86], p < .001), and reached the highest values in patients receiving the insulin, (p < .001). Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.