TNF and alcohol drinking: The KEGG pathway analysis revealed that compared with the healthy control group, the more highly expressed mRNAs in the gout group mainly participated in “IL-17 signaling pathway”, “TNF signaling pathway”, “Alcoholism”, “Systemic lupus erythematosus”, and “Rheumatoid arthritis”, “Viral carcinogenesis”, “Salmonella infection”, etc., whereas the more lowly expressed mRNAs were significantly involved in “Chemokine signaling pathway”, “Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”, “Fanconi anemia pathway”, and “Cholesterol metabolism” (Fig 2B; top10 pathways).