PATZ1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Amplicons 3 and 4 were also significantly enriched, indicating binding of PATZ1 to the immediate regions flanking the TSS of CDKN1B. ChIP-qPCR against amplicons 1 to 8 in HCT116 colon cancer cell line, H1 human embryonic stem cell (hESC) and HCC cell line Hep3B also revealed strong enrichment of PATZ1 to amplicon 5, further supporting binding of PATZ1 to the CDKN1B gene (Supplementary Figures 5A–D).