In mouse models of hypertension and atherosclerosis, Tregs reduce monocyte activation and infiltration into the vasculature and atherosclerosis formation, preserve endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arterioles in mice through increased IL-10 expression, reduced IL-1β and TNF-α expression leading to suppression of endothelial expression of adhesion molecules like VCAM-1 and E-selectins37,38. Here, TNF is linked to atherosclerosis.