Consistent with the TaqMan gene expression data, there were increased levels of IL-1β, IL-8, ICAM-1 and GM-CSF in HIV (both NL4-3 and AD8, lanes 3 and 5; Fig. 3) when compared to untreated and heat–inactivated HIV-treated BC respectively (lanes 1, 2 and 4; Fig. 3). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is breast cancer.