Notably, the analyses of GEO datasets (GSE34874 and GSE22307)23,24 showed that the levels of IKKβ were elevated in a time-dependent manner in DSS-induced colitis (Supplementary Fig. 7g), which was confirmed by the RNA data from a clinical IBD dataset (GSE11223)25 (Fig. 7e). This evidence concerns the gene IKBKB and inflammatory bowel disease.