In line with published data29, total CD3+, CD3+ Foxp3+, and CD3+ CD8+ T-cell numbers were significantly higher in the stroma of most HNSCC patients compared to the tumor, which was observed before and after anti-OX40 treatment (Fig. 3b and Supplementary Fig. 5c). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF4 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.