TSHR and Graves disease: As shown in Fig. 6, the TSHR-ddH2O mouse group (Z-score > 0) can be clearly separated from βgal mouse group (Z-score 0) concerning autoimmune hyperthyroidism (P ≤ 0.0001) and orbitopathy (P ≤ 0.0001) (Fig. 5b, c).