At baseline, patients with type 2 diabetes in both dapagliflozin and insulin groups had higher concentrations of 1-methylhistidine, 2-aminobutyrate, 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate, 3-chlorotyrosine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-indoxylsulfate, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate, 3-methyladipate, 3-methylhistidine, 4-hydroxybenzoate, acetoacetate, alanine, betaine, creatine, creatine phosphate, glucose, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, lysine, myoinositol, N-isovaleroylglycine, N-methylhydantoin, N-phenylacetylglycine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and valerate compared to controls. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.