In addition, the monocyte chemotactic factor monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 /C‐C chemokine ligand 2 (MCP‐1/CCL2) secreted by tumor cells is a chemokine with potent monocyte chemotactic activity via binding to CCR2 (the receptor for chemokine CCL2), has been shown to directly or indirectly enhance immunosuppression and metastasis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and other tumor‐secreted factors like IFNγ in murine cancer models.132, 133, 134. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and cancer.