As expected, when compared with control cells stimulated with AA alone, the expression of Vimentin, and COLI was reduced while ZO-1 was increased in Twist1 siRNA cells in the presence of AA, suggesting silence of Twist1 alleviated the occurrence of EMT and the progression of renal fibrosis induced by AA (Fig. 8b and c). Here, TWIST1 is linked to renal fibrosis.