<h4>Objective</h4>This study was mainly conducted to explore the expression changes of GSDMD and conventional markers (including T-Tau, Tau181p, and Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> ) in the cerebrospinal fluid among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), followed by determination of role of GSDMD in diagnosing and identifying AD and VD.<h4>Methods</h4>In this study, 60 patients with VD, 60 patients with AD, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is vascular dementia.