Due to the increasing number of trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first‐line therapy of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analyses to investigate the difference between anti PD‐1 and PD‐L1 antibodies, used alone or in combination with chemotherapy, through adjusted indirect analysis to minimize the potential bias regarding overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR) and grade 3–5 adverse events (AEs). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.