Deregulated genes of SARS-CoV-2 infection were involved in pathways such as NF-kappaB signaling, Jak-STAT signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signaling, natural killer cell–mediated cytotoxicity, phagosome, HIF-1 signaling, calcium signaling, GnRH signaling, arachidonic acid metabolism, insulin signaling, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, and PPAR signaling (Figure 2C; Supplementary Figures S1, S2), which were absent in SARS-CoV infection. Here, INS is linked to severe acute respiratory syndrome.