DSCAML1 and Down syndrome: Modeling DSCAM and DSCAML1 CNS overexpression in a mammalian species has the potential to unravel how disorders such as Down syndrome, in which DSCAM levels are known to be elevated in the fetal brain, and distal trisomy 11q, which involves the duplication of a chromosomal region including DSCAML1, develop in humans.