CXCL1 and cancer: In parallel to CXCL8, CXCL1 also contributed to stemness (74, 106), but its impacts were mostly found in regulation of EMT-related processes, migration and invasion; in this respect, CXCL1 was found to act in an autocrine manner and/or to be secreted by macrophages in vicinity of the cancer cells (74, 76, 106, 107).