Loss or mutation of BAP1 gene is a common event in cancer and serves as a potential pathogenetic mechanism in various human malignancies, including uveal melanoma, mesothelioma, small cell and non-small cell lung carcinomas, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (Table 2) (107, 143–148). The gene discussed is BAP1; the disease is cancer.