KRAS and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Zhai et al. (2017) demonstrated that the lower expression of lncRNA-SARCC influenced downstream genes such as K-RAS, MMP-13, AKT, and P-ERK expression by suppressing miR-143-3p expression, which could enhance RCC cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Wu et al. (2017) first reported that lncRNA CASC9, as an oncogene, promoted ESCC cell growth by negatively regulating PDCD4 expression via recruiting EZH2, which could be a potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarker for ESCC.