In prostate cancer cells, the activation of c-Myc and NF-kB or inhibition of Akt prevented nuclear translocation of nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1), a transcription factor that controls the activation of key genes for regulation of cell growth, respiratory chain, heme biosynthesis and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication (235, 241–243). This evidence concerns the gene NRF1 and Familial prostate cancer.