We have observed that NK cells in direct contact with CAFs from NSCLC tumors display a molecular profile characteristic of tolerogenic NK cells, indicated by i) reduced proliferation rates and cytotoxic capacity; ii) reduced surface expression of LAMP-1 (CD107a) and triggering receptors (NKG2D, NKp46, DNAM-1); iii) enhanced surface expression of some inhibitory receptors (NKG2A) (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene NCR1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.