AKT1 and Parkinson disease: PI3K/Akt is a classic signaling that inhibits autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation and plays a critical role in many diseases via regulating the level of autophagy, such as melanoma, Parkinson’s disease, and rheumatoid arthritis (Wang et al., 2012; Feng and Qiu, 2018; Liang et al., 2019).