In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, a model reproducing several features of human MS, upregulated P2X7 was described in both activated microglia and astrocytes already during the asymptomatic phase and in oligodendrocytes and neurons after disease onset (Matute et al., 2007; Grygorowicz et al., 2010). The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.