CD68 and neoplasm: In corroboration with this result, direct visualization of tumor-infiltrating immune cells confirmed that tNLR correlated directly with both neutrophil (CD15+ cells, Spearman’s rho 0.398, p = 0.0198) and macrophage (CD68+ cells, Spearman’s rho 0.515, p = 0.0018) cell counts (Fig. 5c-d and Supplementary Fig. 5).