CAPS2 and congenital rubella syndrome: We found that CAPS2 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the habenula of CRS rats compared with those of non-stressed (NS) rats (n = 4 for each group, Mann–Whitney U-test; NS vs. CRS expressed as fold change: 1.00 ± 0.14 vs. 0.61 ± 0.09, P = 0.029; Fig. 1a) and CAPS2 protein levels in the IPN, a direct downstream of the MHb, also showed a tendency to decrease, being 53.8% of control, as shown via Western blotting (Supplementary Figure S1).