TNF and Alzheimer disease: In addition, a similar cytokines profile can be observed in plasma from 14-month 3xTg-AD mice, with higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12p40, whereas IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12 p70, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL11 and GM-CSF are decreased [127].