For the former four genes (TMEM45B, NANS, GPR110, and SRD5A3), we demonstrated upregulations of TMEM45B, NANS, and SRD5A3 in PC initiation and metastatic progression as well as significant increases of all four genes in LNCaP cell-derived CRPCs (Figure 3 and Figure 6). This evidence concerns the gene NANS and pachyonychia congenita.