This agrees with what has been described by Han et al. (2008) [49] using a human colon cancer cell line which overexpressed the human P-gp (Caco-2), where the authors verified, after 72 h of piperine treatment (50 and 100 μM), an increase in P-gp mRNA and protein expression. Here, PGP is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.