CD274 and neoplasm: In the Uppsala 06 cohort, PD-L1 amplification correlated with PD-L1 mRNA expression (RNA sequencing-based; median FPKM value in the non-amplified group 7.3 versus 24.4 in the PD-L1 amplification group, p = 0.005 Kruskal–Wallis test, Fig. 1b) as well as PD-L1 protein levels in tumor cells (IHC-based; median positive tumor cells 0% versus 35.5%, p = 0.043; Fig. 1c).