Prominent examples are RPS14/uS11, RPSA/uS2 and RPL38/eL38 genes with mutations associated with 5q- myelodysplastic syndrome (20), isolated congenital asplenia (21) and skeletal defects during embryogenesis, including perturbations in the formation of the axial skeleton (22). Here, RPL38 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.