,18 Some studies have shown that neutrophils play anti-tumor or pro-tumor roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME).19, 20, 21 Similar to tumor-associated macrophages, which have a classic (M1) and alternative (M2) form, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) also have anti-tumorigenic N1 neutrophils and pro-tumorigenic N2 neutrophils.22, 23, 24, 25 Recent research has noted that the N2 phenotype can cause transforming growth factor (TGF)-β to block tumor inhibition and decrease CD8+ T cell activation.26 This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.