,15 The survival association in proneural glioblastoma was independent of the absence or presence of mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-1 or IDH-2 (Figures S1D–S1F; Note S1), a molecular marker that defines a clinically and molecularly distinct glioma entity with proneural gene expression. This evidence concerns the gene IDH1 and central nervous system cancer.