This suggests a complex role for Dectin-1 in immune defense against A. fumigatus, with Dectin-1 on non-hematopoietic (presumably epithelial) cells providing control of infection via IFN-γ and IL-10 production and Dectin-1 on hematopoietic cells driving an IL-17 mediated response (22). This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and infection.