In a recent study performed in HeLa cell line, it has been speculated that NDV used exosomes to entry into neighbouring cells, the so-called ‘recipient cell’, carrying miRNAs produced by the original cell, called the ‘parent cell’, after virus infection; this results in IFN pathway inhibition and promotion of viral infection of the ‘recipient cell’ [104]. Here, IFNA1 is linked to viral infectious disease.