CALR and neoplasm: In response to ICD, tumour cells expose calreticulin (CRT) on the cell surface prior to death and release DAMP molecules, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during apoptosis or HMGB1 upon secondary necrosis, which stimulate the recruitment of DCs into the tumour bed, the uptake and processing of tumour antigens, and the antigen presentation to T cells [39].