The sensing of NA is operated by two major classes of PRRs, including endolysosomal and cytosolic NA sensors (Figure 1), which in response to stimulation trigger the production of inflammatory cytokines such as type I interferons (IFN-I), IL-1β, and TNF-α, playing a crucial role in obesity-mediated metaflammation (13). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is obesity disorder.