As shown in Figure 8, stimulation with PMA/ionomycin of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from healthy controls resulted in a strong and significant increase of production of IFN-γ and TNF-α, and in an attenuated but still significant increase of IFN-γ, but not of TNF-α of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of patients with compensated/stable decompensated liver cirrhosis. Here, TNF is linked to cirrhosis of liver.