ERN1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Moreover, analysis of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive AML patient samples revealed increased expression of the BiP, CHOP, and Xbp1s mRNAs and the authors demonstrated that inhibition of the IRE1α and ATF6α pathways sensitized cells expressing the Bcr-Abl fusion protein to imatinib- and etoposide-induced apoptosis [165].