CASP9 and renal cell carcinoma: CACNA1D (Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D) is lowly expressed in RCC [45], and the expression level of CASP9 (Caspase-9) is altered in RCC by rs12124078 SNP [46], while CTSG (Cathepsin G) inhibition enhances apoptosis in human renal carcinoma (Caki) cells [47].