The addition of inflammatory medium OGD + LPS or OGD + IL-4 both resulted in significantly lower calcein RFU compared with the untreated normoxia control; however, the media with addition of ND2158 reversed the RFU (Figure 5C), suggesting the inhibition of IRAK4 can increase neuronal survival in ischemia. This evidence concerns the gene IRAK4 and ischemia.