An abundance of evidence demonstrates that low circulating adiponectin concentrations are associated with complications of pregnancy such as GDM, preeclampsia and an increased risk of delivering LGA or macrosomic infants, while hypoadiponectinemia during gestation and/or post-partum may predict future development of obesity and type 2 diabetes [55,59,60]. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and type 2 diabetes mellitus.