CCL2 and inflammatory response: As a result, the balance shifts from a regulatory anti-inflammatory immune state characterized for the secretion of cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 to an exceedingly inflammatory state secreting multiple proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), contributing to maintain a chronic systemic inflammation [6,78].