Similarly, some TRAFD1 trans-mediated genes such as STAT1, CXCL10, and TAP1, which are essential for IFN response (Kim H. S. et al., 2015), chemotaxis (Majumder et al., 2012), and antigen processing (Seyffer and Tampé, 2015), respectively (Supplementary Figure 5B), were found to be upregulated mainly in the biopsy samples derived from CeD patients. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and cranioectodermal dysplasia.